{"id":153306,"date":"2023-12-14T08:30:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T13:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/?p=153306"},"modified":"2025-02-04T09:10:24","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T14:10:24","slug":"improving-cancer-treatments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/en\/news\/improving-cancer-treatments\/","title":{"rendered":"Improving cancer treatments\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Discovery by Fran\u00e7ois L\u00e9gar\u00e9\u2019s team could lead to more effective use of radiation therapy in oncology<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n    \n<div class=\"wp-block full-width-image fixed-height\">\n    <div class=\"image-ctn\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/focus-2-1-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\n    <\/div>\n    <p>From left to right: Steve MacLean (CTO at Infinite Potential Laboratories), Sylvain Fourmaux (Research Associate at INRS), Fran\u00e7ois Fillion-Gourdeau (Research Associate at Infinite Potential Laboratories), St\u00e9phane Payeur (Research Officer at INRS), Simon Valli\u00e8res (Postdoctoral Researcher at INRS) and Fran\u00e7ois L\u00e9gar\u00e9 (Director EMT Centre).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:80px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">Ultrafast laser technology continues to surprise. While research in this field may seem rather abstract at first glance, it very often leads to concrete applications. This is particularly true in healthcare, where the technology can be used to treat certain cancers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This application was discovered by the research team at the <a href=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/en\/research\/research-facilities\/find-a-research-facility\/advanced-laser-light-source-laboratory\/#:~:text=Unique%20au%20monde%2C%20le%20Laboratoire,de%20laser%20aux%20applications%20r%C3%A9volutionnaires.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Advanced Laser Light Source Laboratory (ALLS)<\/a> of the Institut national de recherche scientifique (INRS), following recent work directed by the Professor and Director of the \u00c9nergie Mat\u00e9riaux T\u00e9l\u00e9communications Research Centre (EMT Centre), Fran\u00e7ois L\u00e9gar\u00e9. This work is the result of a collaboration with medical physicists at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC). The <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/epdf\/10.1002\/lpor.202300078\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">study<\/a>, published in the journal <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/journal\/18638899\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Laser &amp; Photonics Reviews<\/em><\/a>, presents astonishing results that call into question certain aspects of our knowledge about high-power laser pulses\u2014knowledge that had become common in the scientific community.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cFor the first time, we showed that, under certain conditions, a laser beam tightly focused in ambient air can accelerate electrons reaching energies in the MeV (megaelectronvolts) range, the same order of magnitude as some irradiators used in radiation therapy for cancer.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n<cite><strong>Fran\u00e7ois L\u00e9gar\u00e9<\/strong>, Director of the EMT Centre, INRS&nbsp;<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was well established that focusing a laser pulse of sufficiently high intensity in ambient air would generate plasma at the focal point. This plasma acts as a source of electrons that can be accelerated to energies up to a few keV (kiloelectronvolts), at most. Until recently, it was not possible to reach higher energies in ambient air, due to a physical limitation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The research team was able to demonstrate that electrons accelerated in ambient air can reach energies in the MeV (megaelectronvolts) range, i.e. around 1000 times greater than this previously insurmountable limit.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"477\" src=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1702529075813-0c04d6ed-ea4b-4987-9c86-85423e71db0d_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-153308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1702529075813-0c04d6ed-ea4b-4987-9c86-85423e71db0d_1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1702529075813-0c04d6ed-ea4b-4987-9c86-85423e71db0d_1-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/1702529075813-0c04d6ed-ea4b-4987-9c86-85423e71db0d_1-768x358.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Experimental setup. An ultrashort, infrared laser pulse is tightly focused in ambient air, generating high ionizing radiation doses.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-better-cancer-treatment\"><strong>Better cancer treatment<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The breakthrough achieved by the team at INRS\u2019s EMT Centre opens the door to major advances in medical physics. A prime example is FLASH radiotherapy, a new approach to treating tumours that are resistant to conventional radiation therapy. It\u2019s a technique that can be used to deliver high doses of radiation in an extremely short time ( microseconds rather than minutes). This better protects the healthy tissue around the tumour. This FLASH effect is still poorly understood in research but seems to involve a rapid deoxygenation of healthy tissues, reducing their sensitivity to radiation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNo study has been able to explain the nature of the FLASH effect. However, the electron sources used in FLASH radiotherapy have similar characteristics to the one we produced by focusing our laser strongly in ambient air. Once the radiation source is better controlled, further research will allow us to investigate what causes the FLASH effect and to, ultimately, offer better radiation treatments to cancer patients.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<cite><strong>\u202fSimon Valli\u00e8res<\/strong>, postdoctoral researcher and first author of the study&nbsp;<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<strong>Safer handling<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This discovery has concrete implications. Firstly, it requires extra caution when handling laser beams that are tightly focused in ambient air.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe electron energies observed (MeV) allow them to travel more than three metres in air, or several millimetres under the skin. This poses a radiation exposure risk for users of the laser source,\u201d explains Simon Valli\u00e8res.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, by taking measurements near the source, the team observed a high radiation dose rate of electrons\u2014three to four times greater than those used in conventional radiation therapy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cUncovering this radiation hazard is an opportunity to implement safer practices in laboratories,\u201d says Simon Valli\u00e8res. The young researcher notes that handling highly focused laser beams in ambient air must be done carefully, and that scientists need to avoid exposure to high doses of radiation as they are harmful to your health.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"979\" src=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure2_ENG-1024x979.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-153335\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0459652706843718;width:310px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure2_ENG-1024x979.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure2_ENG-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure2_ENG-768x734.jpg 768w, https:\/\/inrs.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure2_ENG.jpg 1444w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Measured radiation dose rate (in log scale) as a function of distance to the focal spot, for three different laser pulse energies.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About ALLS&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Advanced Laser Light Source Laboratory (ALLS) is the only facility of its kind in Canada\u2014a world-class research centre focused on developing a new type of laser with revolutionary applications. A member of the <a href=\"https:\/\/lasernetus.org\/\">LaserNetUS<\/a> network, the ALLS infrastructure has received funding from the <ins><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economie.gouv.qc.ca\/\">Minist\u00e8re de l<ins>\u2019\u00c9conomie, de l\u2019Innovation et de l\u2019<\/ins>\u00c9nergie (MEIE)<\/a>,<\/ins> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.innovation.ca\/\">Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)<\/a> under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.innovation.ca\/fr\/appel-gestion\/financement\/fonds-initiatives-scientifiques-majeures\">Major Scientific Initiative program<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the paper&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S. Valli\u00e8res,\u202fJ.\u202fPowell,\u202fT.\u202fConnell,\u202fM.\u202fEvans,\u202fM.\u202fLytova,\u202fF.\u202fFillion-Gourdeau,\u202fS.\u202fFourmaux,\u202fS.\u202fPayeur,\u202fP.\u202fLassonde,\u202fS.\u202fMacLean,\u202fF.\u202fL\u00e9gar\u00e9. High Dose-Rate MeV Electron Beam from a Tightly-Focused Femtosecond IR Laser in Ambient Air.\u202f<em>Laser Photonics Rev.\u202f<\/em>2023, 2300078.\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lpor.202300078\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lpor.202300078<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This research was funded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca\/index_eng.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/frq.gouv.qc.ca\/en\/nature-and-technologies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec \u2013 Nature and Technologies (FRQNT)<\/a>, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/alliancecan.ca\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Research Alliance of Canada<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discovery by Fran\u00e7ois L\u00e9gar\u00e9\u2019s team could lead to more effective use of radiation therapy in oncology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":153307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"sectors":[735,731,733],"class_list":["post-153306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innover-a-linrs-en","sectors-energie-en","sectors-materiaux-en","sectors-telecommunications-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Improving cancer treatments\u00a0 | INRS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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