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Areas of expertise

Environmental sedimentology , Arctic , CT scan , Image analysis , Limnogeology , Paleoclimate , Paleolimnology , Varves , X-ray microfluorescence

Eau Terre Environnement Research Centre

490 de la Couronne Street
Québec City, Quebec  G1K 9A9
CANADA

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Research interests

Professor Francus’s research interests lie in the study of present-day and past lake and marine sediments for the reconstruction of paleoclimates and paleoenvironments. His research is interdisciplinary in nature. His most recent projects focused on varved (annually laminated) sediments in the Arctic regions.

Varves offer the possibility of reconstructing variations of hydrological and climatic cycles on annual to secular scales. It is also important to understand the actual biological and sedimentary processes that lead to sediment formation to be able to reconstruct past environmental conditions.

Professor Francus’s research activities also contribute to the estimation of natural hazards (floods, earthquakes) and risks resulting from human activities (pollution, watershed modification).

To achieve these research objectives, Professor Francus’s team uses an original and unique technique based on image analysis of thin sections of soft sediments in the three laboratories mentioned above. They also develops non-destructive approaches to high-resolution sediment analysis using CT-Scan and X-ray microfluorescence.

Training openings for students or interns

Publications

Lapointe, François, Gagnon-Poiré, Antoine, Francus, Pierre, Lajeunesse, Patrick & Gagnon, Clarence (2025). A new 1500-year-long varve thickness record from Labrador, Canada, uncovers significant insights into large-scale climate variability in the Atlantic. EGUsphere, online.
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2025-97

Chassiot, Léo, Lajeunesse, Patrick, Francus, Pierre, Normandeau, Alexandre, Lapointe, François, Massa, Charly & De Coninck, Arnaud (2024). Landscape evolution and sediment delivery in a High Arctic proglacial lake, Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 49 (6): 1987-2009.
DOI: 10.1002/esp.5811

Jamba, Marie-Eugénie Meusseunan Pascale, Francus, Pierre, Gagnon-Poiré, Antoine & St-Onge, Guillaume (2024). Measuring varve thickness using µCT: a comparison with thin section. EGUsphere Discussion, online.
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2024-2511

Martini, Margherita, Francus, Pierre, Di Schiavi Trotta, Leonardo, Letellier, Philippe, Des Roches, Mathieu & Després, Philippe (2024). Exploring the application of dual-energy CT to discriminate sediment facies in a varved sequence. The Depositional Record, 10 (1): 231-244.
DOI: 10.1002/dep2.271

Mohatara, Dipak, Campelo, Filipe, Houle, Laurent, Caron, Alain, Barrette, Julie, Francus, Pierre & Schneider, Robert (2024). CTRing: An R package to extract wood density profiles from computed tomography images of discs and logs. Dendrochronologia, 88: art. 126274.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2024.126274

Zilkey, David R., Baud, Alexandre, Francus, Pierre, Antoniades, Dermot & Gregory-Eaves, Irene (2024). A pan-Canadian calibration of micro-X-ray fluorescence core scanning data for prediction of sediment elemental concentrations. Environmental Advances, 15: Art. 100495.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2024.100495

Baud, Alexandre, Francus, Pierre, Smol, John P., Antoniades, Dermot & Gregory-Eaves, Irene (2023). Geochemical changes in Eastern Canadian lake sediment cores spanning the last ~150 years highlight a relative shift towards increased metals and erosive materials. CATENA, 225: Art. 107012.
DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2023.107012

Di Schiavi Trotta, Leonardo, Matenine, Dmitri, Lemaréchal, Yannick, Martini, Margherita, Stierstorfer, Karl, Des Roches, Mathieu, Letellier, Philippe, Francus, Pierre & Després, Philippe (2023). Tomographic reconstruction strategies for nondestructive testing with a commercial CT scanner. Frontiers in Earth Science, 11: Art. 1287059.
DOI: 10.3389/feart.2023.1287059

Gros, Michelle, Zilkey, David R., Griffiths, Katherine T., Pham, Jennifer, MacKeigan, Paul W., Taranu, Zofia Ecaterina, Aulard, Candice, Baud, Alexandre, Garner, Rebecca E., Ghanbari, Hamid, Lachapelle, Maude, Monchamp, Marie-Ève, Paquette, Cindy, Francus, Pierre, Smol, John P. & Gregory-Eaves, Irene (2023). Long-term environmental changes in the Canadian boreal zone: Synthesizing temporal trends from lake sediment archives to inform future sustainability. Environmental Reviews, 31(3): 509-526.
DOI: 10.1139/er-2023-0006

Philippe, Édouard G. H., St-Onge, Guillaume, Valet, Jean-Pierre, Godbout, Pierre-Marc, Egli, Ramon, Francus, Pierre & Roy, Martin (2023). Influence of seasonal post-depositional processes on the remanent magnetization in varved sediments from glacial Lake Ojibway (Canada). Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 24 (3): Art. e2022GC010707.
DOI: 10.1029/2022GC010707

Wang, Feng, Arseneault, Dominique, Boucher, Étienne, Gennaretti, Fabio, Lapointe, François, Yu, Shulong & Francus, Pierre (2023). Volcanic imprints in last-millennium land summer temperatures in the circum-North Atlantic area. Journal of Climate, September: 5923-5939.
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0107.

Baud, Alexandre, Aulard, Candice, Ghanbari, Hamid, Fradette, Maxime, Antoniades, Dermot, Del Giorgio, Paul A., Huot, Yannick, Francus, Pierre, Smol, John P. & Gregory-Eaves, Irene (2022). A framework for 210Pb model selection and its application to 37 cores from Eastern Canada to identify the dynamics and drivers of lake sedimentation rates. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 47 (10): 2518-2530.
DOI: 10.1002/esp.5391

Brice, Camille, De Vernal, Anne, Francus, Pierre, Forwick, Matthias & Nam, Seung-Il (2022). Millennial-scale oscillations and an environmental regime shift around the Middle to Late Holocene transition in the North Atlantic region based on a multiproxy record from Isfjorden, West Spitsbergen. Boreas, ONLINE.
DOI: 10.1111/bor.12602

Brunelle, Corinne, Francus, Pierre, Camenen, Benoît, Amos, Carl L., Des Roches, Mathieu, Perret, Emeline, Kassem, Hachem, Daigle, Louis-Frédéric & Després, Philippe (2022). X-Ray computed tomography to measure bed density in sand transport. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 148 (12): Art. 06022017.
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0002025

Nzekwe, Obinna Peter, Lapointe, François, Francus, Pierre, St-Onge, Guillaume, Lajeunesse, Patrick, Fortin, David, Jenny, Jean-Philippe, De Coninck, Arnaud, Philippe, Édouard G. H. & Labarre, Thibault (2022). A new ~ 900-year varved record in Lake Walker, Québec North Shore, Eastern Canada: insight on late Holocene climate mode of variability. Journal of Paleolimnology, 67: 35-57.
DOI: 10.1007/s10933-021-00220-x

Trotta, Leonardo Di Schiavi, Matenine, Dmitri, Martini, Margherita, Stierstorfer, Karl, Lemaréchal, Yannick, Francus, Pierre & Després, Philippe (2022). Beam-hardening corrections through a polychromatic projection model integrated to an iterative reconstruction algorithm. NDT & E International, 126: Art. 102594.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102594

Baud, Alexandre, Jenny, Jean-Philippe, Francus, Pierre & Gregory-Eaves, Irene (2021). Global acceleration of lake sediment accumulation rates associated with recent human population growth and land-use changes. Journal of Paleolimnology, 66: 453-467.
DOI: 10.1007/s10933-021-00217-6

Gagnon-Poiré, Antoine, Brigode, Pierre, Francus, Pierre, Fortin, David, Lajeunesse, Patrick, Dorion, Hugues & Trottier, Annie-Pier (2021). Reconstructing past hydrology of eastern Canadian boreal catchments using clastic varved sediments and hydro-climatic modeling: 160 years of fluvial inflows. Climate of the Past, 17 (2): 653-673.
DOI: 10.5194/cp-17-653-2021

Martini, Margherita, Francus, Pierre, Di Schiavi Trotta, Leonardo & Després, Philippe (2021). Identification of common minerals using stoichiometric calibration method for dual-energy CT. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 22 (11): Art. e2021GC009885.
DOI: 10.1029/2021GC009885

Jenny, Jean-Philippe; Koirala, Sujan; Gregory-Eaves, Irene; Francus, Pierre; Ahrens, Bernhard; Brovkin, Victor; Ojala, Antti E. K.; Zolitschka, Bernd; Bader, Juergen & Carvalhais, Nuno (2020). Reply to Li & al.: Human societies began to play a significant role in global sediment transfer 4,000 years ago. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 117 (11): 5571-5572.

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922723117

Lapointe, François; Bradley, Raymond S.; Francus, Pierre; Balascio, Nicholas L.; Abbott, Mark B.; Stoner, Joseph Stephen; St-Onge, Guillaume; De Coninck, Arnaud & Labarre, Thibault (2020). Annually resolved Atlantic sea surface temperature variability over the past 2,900 y. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 117 (44): 27171-27178.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014166117

Nasri, Bouchra; Boucher, É.; Perreault, L.; Rémillard, B. N.; Huard, D.; Nicault, A.; Arsenault, D.; Bégin, C.; Savard, M. M.; Bégin, Y.; Francus, P. & Lajeunesse, P. (2020). Modeling hydrological inflow persistence using paleoclimate reconstructions on the Québec-Labrador (Canada) Peninsula. Water Resour. Res., 56 (5): Art. e2019WR025122.
DOI: 10.1029/2019WR025122

Simmatis, Brigitte; Baud, Alexandre; Gregory-Eaves, Irene; Francus, Pierre & Smol, John P. (2020). Subfossil Simuliidae track past river flow into an industrially contaminated lake. J. Paleolimnol., 64: 179-192.
DOI: 10.1007/s10933-020-00130-4

Treyvaud G, Francus P & Des Roches M (2020). La tomodensitométrie en archéologie. Les nouvelles de l’archéologie, 159: 68-74.
DOI: 10.4000/nda.9542

Trottier, Annie Pier; Lajeunesse, Patrick; Gagnon-Poiré, Antoine & Francus, Pierre (2020). Morphological signatures of deglaciation and postglacial sedimentary processes in a deep fjord-lake (Grand Lake, Labrador). Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 45 (4): 928-947.
DOI: 10.1002/esp.4786

Chassiot, Léo; Francus, Pierre; De Coninck, Arnaud; Lajeunesse, Patrick; Cloutier, Danielle & Labarre, Thibault (2019). Dataset for the assessment of metallic pollution in the Saint-Charles River sediments (Québec City, QC, Canada). Data in Brief, 26: Art. 104256.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104256

Chassiot, Léo; Francus, Pierre; De Coninck, Arnaud; Lajeunesse, Patrick; Cloutier, Danielle & Labarre, Thibault (2019). Spatial and temporal patterns of metallic pollution in Québec City, Canada: Sources and hazard assessment from reservoir sediment records. Sci. Total Environ., 673: 136-147.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.021

Gagnon-Poiré, Antoine; Lajeunesse, Patrick; Normandeau, Alexandre; Francus, Pierre; St-Onge, Guillaume & Nzekwe, Obinna Peter (2019). Corrigendum to “Late-Quaternary glacial to postglacial sedimentation in three adjacent fjord-lakes of the Québec North Shore (eastern Canadian Shield)” [Quat. Sci. Rev. 186 (2018) 91–110]. Quatern. Sci. Rev., 220: 401-403.
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.030

Jenny, Jean-Philippe; Koirala, Sujan; Gregory-Eaves, Irene; Francus, Pierre; Niemann, Christoph; Ahrens, Bernhard; Brovkin, Victor; Baud, Alexandre; Ojala, Antti E. K.; Normandeau, Alexandre; Zolitschka, Bernd & Carvalhais, Nuno (2019). Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 116 (46): 22972-22976.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908179116

Jones, Anna F.; Turner, Jonathan N.; Daly, Stephen J.; Francus, Pierre & Edwards, Robin J. (2019). Signal-to-noise ratios, instrument parameters and repeatability of Itrax XRF core scan measurements of floodplain sediments. Quatern. Int., 514: 44-54.
DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.09.006

Khider, Deborah; Emile-Geay, Julien; McKay, Nicholas P.; Gil, Yolanda; Garijo, Daniel; Ratnakar, Varun; Alonso-Garcia, M.; Bertrand, Sébastien; Bothe, O.; Brewer, P.; Bunn, A.; Chevalier, Manuel; Comas-Bru, Laia; Csank, Adam; Dassié, Emilie; DeLong, Kristine; Felis, Thomas; Francus, Pierre; Frappier, A.; Gray, W.; Goring, S.; Jonkers, Lukas; Kahle, Michael; Kaufman, Darrell; Kehrwald, Natalie M.; Martrat, Belen; McGregor, Helen; Richey, J.; Schmittner, Andreas; Scroxton, N.; Sutherland, E.; Thirumalai, Kaustubh; Allen, Kathryn Jane; Arnaud, Fabien; Axford, Yarrow; Barrows, Timothy T.; Bazin, L.; Pilaar Birch, S. E.; Bradley, E.; Bregy, Josh; Capron, E.; Cartapanis, Olivier; Chiang, Hong-Wei; Cobb, Kim M.; Debret, M.; Dommain, René; Du, Jianghui; Dyez, Kelsey; Emerick, Suellyn; Erb, M. P.; Falster, G.; Finsinger, Walter; Fortier, Daniel; Gauthier, Nicolas; George, S.; Grimm, Eric Christopher; Hertzberg, Jennifer; Hibbert, Fiona D.; Hillman, A.; Hobbs, W.; Huber, M.; Hughes, A. L. C.; Jaccard, S.; Ruan, J.; Kienast, Markus; Konecky, Bronwen; Le Roux, Gaël; Lyubchich, Vyacheslav; Novello, Valdir Felipe; Olaka, Lydia; Partin, J. W.; Pearce, Christof; Phipps, Steven J.; Pignol, Cecile; Piotrowska, Natalia; Poli, M. S.; Prokopenko, A.; Schwanck, Fran; Stepanek, Christian; Swann, G. E. A.; Telford, Richard Telford; Thomas, Elizabeth R.; Thomas, Zoé A.; Truebe, S.; von Gunten, Lucien; Waite, A.; Weitzel, Nils; Wilhelm, Bruno; Williams, J.; Williams, J. J.; Winstrup, Mai; Zhao, Ning & Zhou, Yuxin (2019). PaCTS 1.0: A Crowdsourced Reporting Standard for Paleoclimate Data. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol., 34 (10): 1570-1596.
DOI: 10.1029/2019PA003632

Larmagnat, Stéphanie; Des Roches, Mathieu; Daigle, Louis-Frédéric; Francus, Pierre; Lavoie, Denis; Raymond, Jasmin; Malo, Michel & Aubiès-Trouilh, Alexandre (2019). Continuous porosity characterization: Metric-scale intervals in heterogeneous sedimentary rocks using medical CT-scanner. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 109: 361-380.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.04.039

Lapointe, François; Francus, Pierre; Stoner, Joseph Stephen; Abbott, Mark B.; Balascio, Nicholas L.; Cook, Timothty L.; Bradley, Raymond S.; Forman, Steven L.; Besonen, Mark & St-Onge, Guillaume (2019). Chronology and sedimentology of a new 2.9 ka annually laminated record from South Sawtooth Lake, Ellesmere Island. Quatern. Sci. Rev., 222: Art. 105875.
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105875

Lowemark, Ludvig; Bloemsma, Menno; Croudace, Ian; Daly, Stephen J.; Edwards, Robin J.; Francus, Pierre; Galloway, Jennifer M.; Gregory, Braden R. B.; Huang, Jyh-Jaan Steven; Jones, Anna F.; Kylander, Malin; Lowemark, Ludvig; Luo, Yangbing; Maclachlan, Suzanne; Ohlendorf, Christian; Patterson, Timothy R.; Pearce, Christof; Profe, Jorn; Reinhardt, Eduard G.; Stranne, Christian; Tjallingii, Rik & Turner, Jonathan N. (2019). Practical guidelines and recent advances in the Itrax XRF core-scanning procedure. Quatern. Int., 514: 16-29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.10.044

Turney, Chris S. M.; McGregor, Helem V.; Francus, Pierre; Abram, Nerilie J.; Evans, Michael N.; Goosse, Hugues; Von Gunten, Lucien; Kaufman, Darrell S.; Linderholm, Hans W.; Loutre, Marie-France & Neukom, Raphael (2019). Introduction to the special issue “Climate of the past 2000 years: global and trans-regional syntheses”. Clim. Past., 15 (2): 611-615.
DOI: 10.5194/cp-15-611-2019